An individual with symptoms of dementia needs help of another kind with completing Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Activities of Daily Living. With progressive memory loss the senior will have trouble with the more complex instrumental activities of daily living first.
The difficulties with instrumental activities of daily living involves making choices, organizing supplies, and doing things in proper order. For example taking a bath with a hand held shower head:
Choices- seems to forget exactly what the different dials or handles are used for (water temperature, strength of flow, position of water stream)
Organize- seems unable to collect all the supplies (shampoo, soap, wash cloth, lotion, large towel for drying)
Order- seems unable to perform the process in the step by step approach that has always been so beneficial
The elder will consistently verbally reinforce to those present how easily the senior can do the bathing process on their own- despite not using the bath in months
The difficulties with activities of daily living involves positioning, grasp, and motion. In our example of taking a bath with a hand held shower head:
Positioning- seems unable to arrange their body to best perform the task ( not move close enough to handle to properly adjust for use)
Grasp- seems unable to grab and adjust the object (shampoo, soap, towel, shower head, tub plug) for typical use
Motion- seems unable to move to make the object produce the desired results (add soap to the wash cloth, move the large towel to dry the body).
Because rushing is detrimental and causes anxiety-frustration and makes it more difficult for the senior to complete the process patience is important. Modeling is most beneficial where the elder support partner takes the shower head saying this is the way I do it when I am home. You are doing a task in a way the senior can observe and copy.
The biological changes are being communicated within the seniors seemingly inability to perform every day tasks using the once familiar objects that make all our lives easier.
Think of instrumental activities of daily living as using the mind and thoughts to make choices, organize, and put in proper order.
Think of activities of daily living as using the body and behavior to position, grasp, and cause motion to create the desired result.
With memory loss secondary to dementia the elder will verbally assure you they can bathe on their own despite not having used the shower and tub in months.
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